Definition and characteristics:
It is a unique method that avoids the occurrence of an unwanted pregnancy after a sexual or poorly protected intercourse, ie in the absence of contraception or in case of failure the basic contraceptive methods used.
* This method consists of taking the contraceptive taken in two doses:
o The first dose must be taken as soon as possible, which is why it is called emergency contraception.
o The second dose, 12 to 24 hours after the initial dose.
* Emergency contraception must be used only in exceptional cases.
* It is reserved for emergencies
* It does not prevent pregnancy in all cases (failure in 5 to 42% of cases).
* It is not a substitute for regular contraception because it causes undesirable hormonal overdose if taken regularly.
* This is not a method of abortion
In what situations should you use morning after pills?
After all unprotected sex if you do not want to be pregnant. Here are some examples:
+ After sex, then you have not taken any contraceptive method;
+ When you have a problem with condom (badly placed, or torn or not properly withdrawn);
+ After forget to take your pill:
# If delayed more than 3 hours in case you use a pill microprogestative;
# If delayed more than 12 hours in case you use a pill oestrogens and progestin.
+ In case of late withdrawal of penis, if not using condom;
+ In case of rape.
How does it work?
The mode of action is unknown but it is possible that emergency contraception can block or delay ovulation, prevent fertilization or the implantation of a fertilized egg by inducing changes in the endometrium making it unsuitable for implantation; it is therefore good before implantation in the uterus. This is not an abortion, If the pregnancy is already underway, the emergency contraception can no longer act, the pregnancy is proceeding normally.
When the cycle can use
# The emergency contraception can be used at any time cycle given the uncertain date of ovulation, fertilization can occur anytime after sex. Any unprotected sex therefore a risk of pregnancy,
# It is also recommended for use with basic contraceptions (condoms, spermicides, cervical caps ...) until the resumption of the next plateau, including during menstruation.
# It is not recommended to use several times the emergency contraceptive during the same menstrual cycle because of the possibility of significant disturbance of the cycle.
Contra-indication of morning after pills:
# Those few women who are allergic to one of its components,
# It is not recommended for women at risk of ectopic pregnancy because it is unclear whether this method of contraception may prevent implantation of an ectopic pregnancy and prevent an ectopic pregnancy to continue to develop.
Side effects of morning after pills:
Some women may experience nausea and rare vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, headaches, lower abdominal pain, feeling of tension breasts and vaginal bleeding.
Morning After Pill effectiveness:
# It depends on how fast you take the morning after pill. If taken within 12 to 24 hours after sex, its effectiveness is 95% and decreases during the next 2 days:
# 85% between 24 and 48 hours:
# 58% between 48 and 72 hours
# Efficiency unknown after 72 hours
# It is not effective in all cases;
# In case of vomiting in the first three hours after taking a dose of emergency contraception, it is recommended to immediately resume a new dose of medicine.
# The rules generally occur as scheduled;
# In some, it is of spotting or metrorrhagia of which may persist until the next following rules
# In cases where
* The rules have more than 5 days late,
* The Metrorrhagia outside the rules
* Abnormal bleeding on the scheduled date of the rules (rules like no others)
* Abdominal pain
* Signs of pregnancy
it is necessary to take a pregnancy test and consult a doctor as pregnancy intra-uterine or ectopic pregnancy are possible.
What if the 72 hours is exceeded?
# After the first 72 hours (3 days), if you had taken the emergency contraceptive while you were pregnant without knowing it, the emergency contraceptive would be ineffective because it does not work if pregnancy has already begun.
Remember that the morning-after pill does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS.
How and when to take the emergency contraceptive
There are two types of emergency contraceptives:
1 - The emergency contraceptive progestin (levonorgestrel 0.75 mg): two tablets:
* This treatment has been simplified, there is currently a single dose with two tablets, oral, taken as soon as possible, if possible within 12 hours, and no later than 72 hours after unprotected sex.
This medicine may be issued without a prescription and is not reimbursed, but it may also be prescribed and then returned to 65%. Pharmacy, it is issued to minors without a prescription and free.
2 - The emergency contraceptive oestrogens and progestin (levonorgestrel 0.25 mg + 0.5 mg ethinyl): four tablets: The pregnancy rate is about 1 to 2% (failure rate).
* The first two pills as soon as possible after sex and no later than 72 hours after the report;
* The other two tablets within 12 to 24 hours after the first two tablets.
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